Realism (IR)

In international relations, realism views the world as an arena of states pursuing security and power under anarchy (no world government).

Interpretations

Classical Realist: State behavior stems from human nature and prudence about power.
Neorealist: Anarchic structure drives states to balance power for survival.
Offensive/Defensive: Debates whether power accumulation or restraint best ensures security.

Examples

A simple, concrete illustration to make it click.

Everyday: A firm assumes competitors act in self‑interest and keeps cash reserves and safeguards rather than trusting goodwill alone.
Policy: A state strengthens alliances and military deterrence to balance a rival’s power, even while cooperating on limited issues.